Fuller, M. (2005) Media Ecologies: Materialist Energies in Art and Technoculture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

Matthew Fuller’s media ecology proposes a materialist account of technoculture in which media are not inert channels for content, but dynamic assemblages of objects, processes, codes, infrastructures, affects and social practices that interact to produce unforeseen patterns, risks and possibilities. Rather than treating media as isolated technologies, Fuller asks what happens when media systems collide, combine and mutate: pirate radio, cameras, surveillance networks, software protocols and artistic interventions all become sites where technical materiality and cultural imagination co-produce new forms of perception and power. His central claim is that even apparently “immaterial” electronic media retain a dense material force, since signals, interfaces, standards, bodies, laws and economies continuously shape one another. A compelling case is London pirate radio, where transmitters, tower blocks, mobile phones, DJs, listeners, legal constraints and urban rhythms form an inventive media ecology that exceeds the sum of its parts. This example shows how media practice can transform restriction into experimentation, producing alternative circuits of sound, identity and collective intensity. Fuller’s analysis is therefore both aesthetic and political: it reveals how media systems organise experience while also showing how artists, users and subcultures can disturb standardised technological arrangements. In conclusion, media ecologies names a way of thinking media as living compositions of material relations, where every device, protocol and practice participates in the ongoing invention of social and technological worlds.